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Preparation of biochar from litter biomass and microorganism-loaded biochar for Cd2+ removal from aqueous solutions
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DOI：10.1016/j.jenvman.2026.130694.png)
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Abstract
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• Eucalyptus globulus biochar exhibited superior Cd2+ adsorption, outperforming other litter-derived biochars. • Optimized pyrolysis at 600 °C (5 h) significantly enhanced biochar adsorption capacity and structural properties. • Maximum Cd2+ adsorption reached 124 mg/g, indicating high efficiency compared to many conventional adsorbents. • Bacillus subtilis-loaded biochar markedly improved removal efficiency (95%), demonstrating a strong synergistic effect. • Adsorption mechanism confirmed as chemisorption, governed by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetics.
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