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Progress in immune-modulating biomaterials for complement system regulation
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DOI：10.1016/j.pmatsci.2026.101765.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
The clinical application of biomaterials faces the critical challenge of overcoming immune rejection caused by complement system activation. While conventional reactive biomaterial strategies can mitigate complement responses through passive interventions, they often lack the precision needed to modulate this complex immune cascade. In contrast, recent advances in biomaterial design have introduced active engineering strategies that incorporate specific complement inhibitors or modulators to achieve targeted intervention at key activation steps. These approaches not only suppress inflammatory responses more effectively but also harness the immunological properties of the complement system for therapeutic purposes. This review systematically examines the interaction mechanisms between biomaterial properties and the complement system within the context of reactive strategies, revealing how their undesirable interactions compromise both immune compatibility and material performance. Recognizing the limitations of current suppression-based approaches, we propose proactive regulation strategies that enable controllable modulation of the complement system, thereby improving biocompatibility and therapeutic functionality. By establishing this theoretical framework, we aim to facilitate the development of next-generation immunomodulatory biomaterials for safer applications in tissue engineering, drug delivery, and other biomedical fields.
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