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Proposed wide dynamic-range controllable current sources
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DOI：10.1016/j.asej.2023.102127.png)
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摘要
En 中文
Generating ultra-low currents using resistors is impractical especially in integrated circuits due to the wasting of much area associated with the required very large resistors. In this paper, three ultra-low cur-rent sources that are suitable for biomedical and implantable applications are proposed. The generated currents are in the nanoampere range. One of the proposed current sources depends on a modification of the conventional Widlar MOS current source in which a tunable subthreshold-region operated transis-tor is utilized as a controlled resistance. The proposed current source is suitable for low-voltage and low -power applications. Also, two digitally controlled current sources (DCCSs) are proposed. The DCCSs find a wide variety of applications in digital-to-analog converters, implantable microstimulators, and charge pumps. The three proposed current sources are analyzed quantitatively. They are also verified by simu-lation adopting the 45 nm CMOS Predictive Technology Model (PTM) with a power-supply voltage, VDD, equal to 1 V. (c) 2023 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier BV on behalf of Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams Uni-versity. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Keyword:
Analog CMOS
Cascode device
Tunable current source
Dynamic range
Integrated circuits
Digitally controlled current source
Power consumption
Resolution
Ultra-low
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