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Anderson [1905] explained three basic types of faulting (normal, strike-slip, and reverse) in terms of the shape of the causative stress tensor and its orientation relative to the Earth's surface. Quantitative parameters can be defined which contain information about both shape and orientation [Celerier, 1995], thereby offering a way to distinguish fault-type domains on plots of regional stress fields and to quantify, for example, the degree of normal-faulting tendencies within strike-slip domains. This paper offers a geometrically motivated generalization of Angelier's [1979, 1984, 1990] shape parameters phi and psi to new quantities named A phi and A psi. In their simple forms, A phi varies from 0 to 1 for normal, 1 to 2 for strike-slip, and 2 to 3 for reverse faulting, and A psi ranges from 0 degrees to 60 degrees, 60 degrees to 120 degrees, and 120 degrees to 180 degrees, respectively. After scaling, A phi and A psi agree to within 2% (or 1 degrees), a difference of little practical significance, although Aw has smoother analytical properties. A formulation distinguishing horizontal axes as well as the vertical axis is also possible, yielding an A phi ranging from -3 to +3 and A psi from -180 degrees to +180 degrees. The geometrically motivated derivation in three-dimensional stress space presented here may aid intuition and offers a natural link with traditional ways of plotting yield and failure criteria. Examples are given, based on models of Bird [1996] and Bird and Kong [1994], of the use of Anderson fault parameters A phi and A psi for visualizing tectonic regimes defined by regional stress fields.
Keyword:
REGIONAL STRESS
TECTONIC STRESS
FIELD DATA
ORIENTATION
DEFORMATION
INVERSION
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期刊
J
IF:
4.1
论文数:
1.4W
被引数:
6.4W
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