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Recent Developments in Causal Inference and Machine Learning

delete2023-07-31
delete16
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OA
AI
J
Jennie E. Brand *
Y
Yu Xie
DOI:10.1146/annurev-soc-030420-015345delete
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摘要

摘要

En 中文
This article reviews recent advances in causal inference relevant to sociology. We focus on a selective subset of contributions aligning with four broad topics: causal effect identification and estimation in general, causal effect heterogeneity, causal effect mediation, and temporal and spatial interference. We describe how machine learning, as an estimation strategy, can be effectively combined with causal inference, which has been traditionally concerned with identification. The incorporation of machine learning in causal inference enables researchers to better address potential biases in estimating causal effects and uncover heterogeneous causal effects. Uncovering sources of effect heterogeneity is key for generalizing to populations beyond those under study. While sociology has long emphasized the importance of causal mechanisms, historical and life-cycle variation, and social contexts involving network interactions, recent conceptual and computational advances facilitate more principled estimation of causal effects under these settings. We encourage sociologists to incorporate these insights into their empirical research.
Keyword:
causal inference
counterfactuals
machine learning
treatment effect heterogeneity
mediation
extrapolation
external validity
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期刊

Annual Review of Sociology 封面图
Annual Review of Sociology
IF:
9
论文数:
654
被引数:
1.7W

机构

U
university of california los angeles
学者数:
5.3W
论文数: 4.2W
被引数: 89
University of California System 封面图
University of California System
学者数:
37.7W
论文数: 33.8W
被引数: 6.6K
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