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Regulating lithium dendritic evolution at interface by thermal management for ultrafast charging lithium-ion battery
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DOI：10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2026.110737.png)
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Abstract
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This study aims to establish a direct link between battery pack thermal management and micro-scale lithium dendrite evolution to mitigate thermal runaway risks during ultrafast charging. Ultrafast charging technology is important to the development of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles. However, it also aggravates the risk of thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries due to the evolution of lithium dendrites on anode caused by cell heat production. It is crucial to regulate the evolution of lithium dendrites at the electrode interface by thermal management. In this work, the structural optimization design of battery packs and the growth of lithium dendrites under ultrafast charging are simulated by thermal management model and phase-filed model, respectively. The batteries achieve the highest heat dissipation (lowest temperature difference) when the cell arrangement angle θ1 is 50° with a charging rate of 4C. Furthermore, the cooling performance at high charging multiplicity is improved by optimizing the inlet of the thermal management model, resulting in a 45.5 % reduction in temperature difference and supressed growth of lithium dendrites. Optimizing the battery pack structure to control heat dissipation and thus inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites can avoid the risk of thermal runaway in ultrafast charging lithium-ion batteries. A bridge between the electrochemical performance of battery pack and evolution of lihtium dendrite microstructures in batteries is built based on this innovative design, providing valuable theoretical insights for optimizing and managmant of electric vehicle power battery.
Keywords:
lithium dendrite
thermal management
ultrafast charging
battery pack
thermal runaway
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