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Representation and regression problems in neural networks: Relaxation, generalization, and numerics

delete2025-03-01
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PRE
AI
K
Kang Liu *
E
Enrique Zuazua
DOI:10.1142/S0218202525500228delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
In this work, we address three non-convex optimization problems associated with the training of shallow neural networks (NNs) for exact and approximate representation, as well as for regression tasks. Through a mean-field approach, we convexify these problems and, applying a representer theorem, prove the absence of relaxation gaps. We establish generalization bounds for the resulting NN solutions, assessing their predictive performance on test datasets, analyzing the impact of key hyperparameters on these bounds, and proposing optimal choices. On the computational side, we examine the discretization of the convexified problems and derive convergence rates. For low-dimensional datasets, these discretized problems are efficiently solvable using the simplex method. For high-dimensional datasets, we propose a sparsification algorithm that, combined with gradient descent for over-parameterized shallow NNs, yields effective solutions to the primal problems.
Keywords:
Neural network
mean-field relaxation
representer theorem
generalization
numerical algorithm

Journal

Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences cover
Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences
IF:
3
Papers:
2.2K
Citations:
4.6K

Organization

C
centre national de la recherche scientifique (cnrs)
Scholars:
24.4W
Papers: 18.1W
Citations: 278
U
Universite Bourgogne Europe
Scholars:
4.3K
Papers: 2.3K
Citations: 3
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