Research on parallel hill encryption algorithm based on ternary optical computer

Kai Song

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132554

Research on parallel hill encryption algorithm based on ternary optical computer

2025-10-01

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DOI：10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132554

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The Hill cipher algorithm is grounded in matrix theory, which encrypts plaintext by grouping it into vectors and applying a linear transformation. However, this algorithm suffers from limitations such as high computational complexity and relatively low encryption/decryption efficiency. To address these limitations of the Hill cipher algorithm, this study aims to investigate effective solutions for enhancing its performance by leveraging the inherent capabilities of the Ternary Optical Computer (TOC). The TOC, characterized by its many data bits, parallel computation, and three-valued encoding, opens up a novel technical pathway for addressing computational bottlenecks in cryptography. Based on the three-valued encoding properties of the TOC, this study designed and implemented a modulo-26 arithmetic unit within the Ternary Optical Computer architecture. This solution optimizes the conventional modulo operation rule and leverages the three-valued encoding and massive parallelism of the TOC to design a modulo-26 arithmetic unit. By utilizing three decision tables to configure the corresponding optical circuit structures, the design is tailored to the TOC's hardware architecture, thus achieving highly efficient and low-latency modulo computation. Building upon the TOC, a modulo-26 arithmetic operation was implemented. This approach retains the core functionality of the modulo operation while fully leveraging the inherent advantages of the TOC architecture. Within the context of the Hill cipher's block-based processing, this study capitalized on the TOC's parallel computing capabilities by independently allocating a dedicated computing channel for each data block, thereby achieving highly efficient parallelization of the encryption and decryption processes. This strategy significantly enhanced encryption and decryption efficiency, thereby effectively overcoming the bottleneck of slow computational speed inherent in the traditional Hill cipher algorithm. Finally, through comprehensive experimental validation and rigorous efficiency analysis, this study confirms that the TOC-based Hill cipher algorithm demonstrates superior performance compared to conventional methods, highlighting the substantial advantages of parallel computation leveraging ternary optical encoding in cryptographic applications.

Keyword:

Ternary optical computer

Hill cipher algorithm

Modulo-26 arithmetic unit

Research on parallel hill encryption algorithm based on ternary optical computer

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