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Salivary testosterone is associated with feelings of senselessness and self-dislike in women with borderline personality disorder
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DOI：10.1080/20008066.2024.2431368.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Background: Women with borderline personality disorder (BPD) show increased basal levels of testosterone. We investigated whether salivary testosterone levels in women with BPD were indicative of specific symptoms associated with BPD. Based on the assumed link between testosterone and interpersonal dominance, we hypothesized a positive association between testosterone and externalising, i.e. aggressive or impulsive behaviour, potentially contributing to higher burden of interpersonal reactivity and conflict.Methods: Saliva was collected from 98 women with BPD (average age in years: 28, range 18-46) between 1 and 2 pm. Self-rating scales were administered to assess severity of BPD (Borderline Symptom Checklist, BSL-23) and depressive symptoms (Beck's Depression Inventory, BDI-II). Regression analyses targeted associations between individual testosterone levels and BSL-23 and BDI-II total and by-item scores.Results: Higher testosterone levels were associated with higher overall disease burden indicated by BSL-23 and BDI-II total scores. When analysed by item, higher testosterone levels were significantly associated with increased feelings of self-dislike, senselessness and pessimism, and the feeling of being a failure.Conclusion: Our findings show that in women with BPD testosterone levels are positively associated with increased borderline and depressive symptomatology. Contrary to our expectations, rather than predicting externalising symptoms, higher testosterone is associated with a well-defined cluster of internalising symptoms characterized by a pessimistic and derogatory view towards oneself. Antecedentes: Las mujeres con trastorno de personalidad lim & iacute;trofe (BPD por sus siglas en ingl & eacute;s) muestran niveles basales elevados de testosterona. Investigamos si los niveles de testosterona en saliva en mujeres con BPD eran indicativos de s & iacute;ntomas espec & iacute;ficos asociados al BPD. Bas & aacute;ndonos en el supuesto v & iacute;nculo entre testosterona y dominancia interpersonal, hipotetizamos una asociaci & oacute;n positiva entre testosterona y s & iacute;ntomas externalizantes, como conducta agresiva o impulsiva, que potencialmente contribuyera a la mayor carga de reactividad y conflicto interpersonal.M & eacute;todos: Se recolect & oacute; saliva de 98 mujeres con BPD (edad promedio: 28 a & ntilde;os, rangos 18-46) entre la 1 y 2 pm. Se administraron escalas de auto-reporte para evaluar la severidad del BPD (Lista de chequeo de s & iacute;ntomas lim & iacute;trofes, BSL-23) y s & iacute;ntomas depresivos (Inventario de depresi & oacute;n de Beck, BDI-II). Los an & aacute;lisis de regresi & oacute;n se centraron en las asociaciones entre los niveles de testosterona individuales y las puntuaciones totales y por & iacute;tems de la BSL-23 y el BDI-II.Resultados: Niveles de testosterona elevados se asociaron con mayor carga general de enfermedad, indicada por las puntuaciones totales del BSL-23 y del BDI-II. Cuando se analiz & oacute; por & iacute;tem, los niveles de testosterona aumentados se asociaron significativamente con mayor sensaci & oacute;n de auto desprecio, sin sentido y pesimismo, y sensaci & oacute;n de ser un fracaso.Conclusi & oacute;n: Nuestros hallazgos muestran que en mujeres con BPD los niveles de testosterona se asocian positivamente con mayor sintomatolog & iacute;a lim & iacute;trofe y depresiva. Contrariamente a nuestras expectativas, en lugar de predecir s & iacute;ntomas externalizantes, los niveles aumentados de testosterona se Vasociaron con un cl & uacute;ster bien definido de s & iacute;ntomas internalizantes caracterizados por una visi & oacute;n pesimista y despectiva de s & iacute; misma.
Keywords:
Borderline personality disorder
testosterone
depression
gonadal hormones
internalising symptoms
Testosterona
trastorno de personalidad lim & iacute
trofe
psicopatolog & iacute
a
depresi & oacute
n
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