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Scaling Blockchains with Error Correction Codes: A Survey on Coded Blockchains

delete2024-01-22
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OA
AI
C
Changlin Yang
K
Kwan‐Wu Chin
J
Jiguang Wang
X
Xiaodong Wang
Y
Ying Liu *
Z
Zibin Zheng
DOI:10.1145/3637224delete
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摘要

摘要

En 中文
A fundamental issue in blockchain systems is their scalability in terms of data storage, computation, communication, and security. To resolve this issue, a promising research direction is coding theory, which is widely used for distributed storage, recovery from erasures or channel errors and/or to reduce communication cost. To this end, this article provides the first comprehensive survey of approaches that employ coding theory to scale blockchain systems. It shows how the use of coded symbols or shards allow participants to only store a fraction of the total blockchain, protect against malicious nodes or erasures, ensure data availability in order to promote transparency, and scale the security of sharded blockchains. Further, coded symbols help reduce communication cost when disseminating blocks, which help bootstrap new nodes and speed up consensus of blocks. For each category of solutions, we highlight problems and issues that motivated their designs and use of coding. Moreover, we provide a qualitative analysis of their storage, communication, and computation costs.
Keyword:
Blockchain scalability
error correction codes
distributed systems

期刊

ACM Computing Surveys 封面图
ACM Computing Surveys
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28
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2.4K
被引数:
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Zhongyuan University of Technology
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Columbia University
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University of Wollongong
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Sun Yat Sen University
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