Seawater-groundwater interactions in coastal multi-aquifer systems of Puducherry, India, using combined hydrogeochemical, radon isotope, and unsupervised machine learning approach: Implications for sustainable groundwater management

2026-06-04

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K. Ramesh

D. Supriya Varshini

K. Srinivasamoorthy *

A. Rajesh Kanna

V. Gopalakrishnan

DOI：10.1016/j.jconhyd.2026.105018

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• Seawater intrusion, human-induced contaminants, and geogenic sources alter the chemistry of groundwater in the study area. • Modified Piper plot, hydrochemical facies evolution diagram, seawater mixing index, ionic ratios, Pearson correlation analysis, and self-organising maps were utilised to identify geochemical dynamics altering the groundwater chemistry. • Seawater intrusion dominantly noted in Alluvium and Cuddalore formations, salinisation genesis in other aquifers is mainly due to geogenic and anthropogenic influences. • The study suggests various management strategies like community involvement, managed aquifer recharge, metered groundwater withdrawal, and well spacing.

Seawater-groundwater interactions in coastal multi-aquifer systems of Puducherry, India, using combined hydrogeochemical, radon isotope, and unsupervised machine learning approach: Implications for sustainable groundwater management

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