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Skeletal muscle shape influences joint torque exertion through the mechanical advantages
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DOI：10.1152/japplphysiol.00997.2024.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Skeletal muscle morphology is linked to its function. Extensive literature demonstrates that muscle volume is crucial for determining joint torque exertion, a primary function of muscle. However, whether muscle shape also influences torque exertion capacity remains unclear. This study illustrates that the three-dimensional shape of muscles independently determines joint torque exertion, irrespective of muscle volume, using a statistical shape model designed to quantify muscle shape features. The statistical shape model was developed from magnetic resonance images of the quadriceps femoris muscles in 33 healthy young adults (26 +/- 5 yr; 18 males). We investigated the association between the shape components of each quadriceps femoris head and isometric knee extensor torque. The findings reveal that the mediolateral curvatures of the rectus femoris (R-2 = 0.60) and the bulging in the distal region of the vastus medialis (R-2 = 0.65) were associated with increased knee extensor torque despite muscle volumes. Moreover, the rectus femoris and vastus medialis shapes were correlated with the medial-directed line-of-action (r = -0.42 and rho = -0.36). The vastus medialis shape was correlated with the moment arm of the patellar lateral spin (rho = 0.45). Therefore, the three-dimensional muscle shape determines the joint torque exertion by forming the mechanical advantages that balance the force/torque output optimally. Our findings demonstrate that muscle shape is crucial in the mechanical output of skeletal muscle and provides a framework for enhancing the understanding of muscle morphology and its functionality.
Keywords:
biomechanics
morphology
muscle function
statistical shape model
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3.3
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1.5W
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