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Structural Positive Electrodes Engineered for Multifunctionality
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DOI：10.1002/advs.202404012.png)
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摘要
En 中文
Multifunctional structural batteries are of high and emerging interest in a wide variety of high-strength and lightweight applications. Structural batteries typically use pristine carbon fiber as the negative electrode, functionalized carbon fiber as the positive electrode, and a mechanically robust lithium-ion transporting electrolyte. However, electrochemical cycling of carbon fibre-based positive electrodes is still limited to tests in liquid electrolytes, which does not allow for to introduction of multifunctionality in real terms. To overcome these limitations, structural batteries with a structural battery electrolyte (SBE) are developed. This approach offers massless energy storage. The electrodes are manufactured using economically friendly, abundant, cheap, and non-toxic iron-based materials like olivine LiFePO4. Reduced graphene oxide, renowned for its high surface area and electrical conductivity, is incorporated to enhance the ion transport mechanism. Furthermore, a vacuum-infused solid-liquid electrolyte is cured to bolster the mechanical strength of the carbon fibers and provide a medium for lithium-ion migration. Electrophoretic deposition is selected as a green process to manufacture the structural positive electrodes with homogeneous mass loading. A specific capacity of 112 mAh g-1 can be reached at C/20, allowing the smooth transport of Li-ion in the presence of SBE. The modulus of positive electrodes exceeded 80 GPa. Structural battery-positive half-cells are demonstrated across various mass-loadings, enabling them to be tailored for a diverse array of applications in consumer technology, electric vehicles, and aerospace sectors. Current challenges in advancing structural batteries involve designing positive electrodes that perform well within a mechanically robust electrolyte. This study overcomes the existing impediments by designing LiFePO4-functionalized carbon fiber-based positive electrodes and testing them in a biphasic solid-liquid electrolyte, aka structural battery electrolyte. The multifunctional capability of structural positive electrodes facilitates massless energy storage. image
Keyword:
carbon fibre
electrophoretic deposition
lithium-ion batteries
lithium-iron phosphate
reduced graphene oxide
structural batteries
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