Structuring Knowledge with Cognitive Maps and Cognitive Graphs

doi:10.1016/j.tics.2020.10.004

Structuring Knowledge with Cognitive Maps and Cognitive Graphs

2021-01-01

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DOI：10.1016/j.tics.2020.10.004

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Humans and animals use mental representations of the spatial structure of the world to navigate. The classical view is that these representations take the form of Euclidean cognitive maps, but alternative theories suggest that they are cognitive graphs consisting of locations connected by paths. We review evidence suggesting that both map-like and graph-like representations exist in the mind/ brain that rely on partially overlapping neural systems. Maps and graphs can operate simultaneously or separately, and they may be applied to both spatial and nonspatial knowledge. By providing structural frameworks for complex information, cognitive maps and cognitive graphs may provide fundamental organizing schemata that allow us to navigate in physical, social, and conceptual spaces.

Keyword:

GRID CELLS

RETROSPLENIAL CORTEX

REFERENCE FRAMES

ENVIRONMENTAL BOUNDARIES

INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES

HEAD-DIRECTION

VISUAL SPACE

SPATIAL MAP

NEURAL REPRESENTATIONS

WAYFINDING STRATEGIES

Structuring Knowledge with Cognitive Maps and Cognitive Graphs

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