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Sustainable production of carbon black from tire pyrolysis oil and biomass oil via low-temperature combustion (500–800 °C): Structural comparison with conventional anthracene oil-derived carbon black
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DOI：10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01934.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Given the escalating depletion of fossil resources, identifying sustainable and low-carbon alternative feedstocks and methods for carbon black (CB) production has emerged as a pivotal challenge in enabling environmentally sustainable industrial manufacturing. Conventional furnace black production requires high pyrolysis temperatures (typically over 1000 °C), leading to significant energy demands and challenges in quality control. Overly aggressive thermal conditions may induce excessive graphitization and coke deposition, ultimately compromising CB performance. This study investigates the feasibility of producing carbon black (CB) via low-temperature combustion in a drop-tube reactor using waste pyrolysis oil (PO) and biomass oil (BO) as feedstocks. The structural properties of the resulting POCB and BOCB were systematically characterized and compared with CB derived from anthracene oil (AO). Experimental results revealed that it was possible to generate high quality CB when oil drop was burned at 500 °C, 650 °C and 800 °C. Furthermore, elevated reaction temperatures led to a systematic growth in CB primary particle size and agglomeration structure, evidenced by reduced interlayer spacing and extended graphitic domains in HRTEM analysis. From 500 °C to 800 °C, higher pyrolysis temperatures drove carbonization, yielding CB with higher carbon content but concurrently reducing surface functionalities. Comparative analysis revealed that POCB exhibited larger primary particles and more complex agglomeration structures than AOCB, while high‑oxygen BOCB with superior particle size uniformity but reduced graphitization degree (ID/IG ratio > 1.0).The study not only validated the technical feasibility of low-temperatures CB synthesis using waste tire and biomass oils, but also illustrated the fundamental structure-property relationships between feedstock composition, processing conditions, and final CB characteristics-providing actionable insights for developing sustainable CB alternatives.
Keywords:
carbon black
low-temperature combustion
waste pyrolysis oil
biomass oil
structural properties
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