Terahertz spectral characterization of L-carnitine derivatives: combined experimental study using microfluidic technology and density functional theory calculations

Yang, Shiyi

doi:10.1080/09500340.2026.2643843

Terahertz spectral characterization of L-carnitine derivatives: combined experimental study using microfluidic technology and density functional theory calculations

2026-03-01

0

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AI

Y

Yang, Shiyi

W

Wang, Mingyu

X

Xinyi Bai

B

Bo Su *

Z

Zhang, Shengbo

H

Hailin Cui

C

Cunlin Zhang Cunlin Zhang

DOI：10.1080/09500340.2026.2643843

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Abstract

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Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is an effective method for material analysis, as molecules exhibit unique fingerprint spectra in this band. L-carnitine, a vitamin-like nutrient widely used in weight-loss health foods and nutritional additives, was investigated. Using THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and microfluidic chips, we measured the solid and solution absorption spectra (0.3-2.5 THz) of Acetyl-L-Carnitine Hydrochloride (ALC-HCL) and L-Carnitine L-Tartrate (LCLT). Results showed distinct spectral characteristics despite structural similarities. Density functional theory simulations identified the molecular vibrations and origins of the absorption peaks. A correlation was observed between the solid and solution states. This research provides a reference for analyzing food nutritional additives.

Keywords:

Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy

L-carnitine

density functional theory

microfluidic chip

(260.0260) physical optics

(300.6495) spectroscopy, terahertz

Terahertz spectral characterization of L-carnitine derivatives: combined experimental study using microfluidic technology and density functional theory calculations

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