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Time-Synchronization Attack Detection in Unbalanced Three-Phase Systems
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DOI：10.1109/TSG.2021.3078104.png)
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摘要
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Phasor measurement units (PMU) rely on an accurate time-synchronization to phase-align the phasors and timestamp the voltage and current phasor measurements. Among the symmetrical components computed from the phasors in three-phase systems, the standard practice only uses the direct-sequence component for state estimation and bad data detection (BDD). Time-synchronization attacks (TSAs) can compromise the measured phasors and can, thus, significantly alter the state estimate in a manner that is undetectable by widely used power-system BDD algorithms. In this paper we investigate the potential of utilizing the three-phase model instead of the direct-sequence model for mitigating the vulnerability of state estimation to undetectable TSAs. We show analytically that if the power system is unbalanced then the use of the three-phase model as input to BDD algorithms enables to detect attacks that would be undetectable if only the direct-sequence model was used. Simulations performed on the IEEE 39-bus benchmark using real load profiles recorded on the grid of the city of Lausanne confirm our analytical results. Our results provide a new argument for the adoption of three-phase models for BDD, as their use is a simple, yet effective measure for reducing the vulnerability of PMU measurements to TSAs.
Keyword:
Phasor measurement units
Transmission line measurements
State estimation
Synchronization
Power systems
Phase measurement
Measurement uncertainty
Phasor measurement unit (PMU)
power system state estimation
threephase state estimation
time synchronization attack
cyber-security
false data injection attack
bad data detection (BDD)
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