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Towards the design of energy-efficient bubble clusters and operation strategies for process control in sonochemical reactors
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DOI：10.1016/j.ultsonch.2026.107819.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Energy efficiency and process control are critical challenges in scaling sonochemical applications. To address this, we introduce a numerical optimisation framework focused on designing pre-seeded bubble clusters driven by impulse ultrasound to minimise energy consumption. The methodology efficiently handles the large parameter space (bubble sizes) by combining fast, reduced-order modelling of spherical bubbles and chemical kinetics with expensive multi-phase hydrodynamic simulations (ALPACA). The technique is demonstrated on two test cases: ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen (H2) synthesis, to analyse the effects of different reaction mechanisms. In both cases, the optimal size distribution of a chain of 16 bubbles is found with as few as three multi-phase flow simulations.
Keywords:
Hydrogen
Ammonia
Microbubbles
Bubble dynamics
Bubble cluster
Bubble size distribution
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