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Troxerutin; a herbal metabolite with antidiabetic and antihypercholesterolemic potential; regulates metabolic gene activity in male diabetic rats
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DOI：10.3389/fphar.2025.1687575.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Background/ObjectiveThis study evaluated the antidiabetic and antihypercholesterolemic potential of the botanical metabolite troxerutin (TRX) and compared it with that of metformin in high-fat diet-fed streptozotocin-induced diabetic male Wistar rats.MethodsThe rats (n = 48) were divided into six groups. Diabetes was induced in the treatment groups; and different doses of troxerutin (TRX)—25 mg/kg/day (TRX25-D); 50 mg/kg/day (TRX50-D); and 75 mg/kg/day (TRX75-D)—or the standard drug (10 mg/kg/day; MET10-D) were administered for a period of 7 weeks; compared to the negative (non-diabetic control; NDC) and positive (diabetic control; DC) control groups. At the end of the trial period; serum was collected to determine the lipid profile (high-density lipoprotein; low-density lipoprotein; and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)) and the concentrations of hepatic (aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase); renal (urea and creatinine); and oxidative stress (catalase and malondialdehyde) markers. Adipose tissue; skeletal muscle; and liver tissue samples were collected to determine mRNA expression; of pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)] and genes involved in lipid metabolism [peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα); peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ); fatty acid synthase (FAS); and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c)].ResultsThe results showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in total cholesterol (TC); triglycerides (TGs); VLDL; and LDL levels; along with hepatic; renal; and stress markers; in the rats treated with a higher concentration of troxerutin (TRX75-D) compared to diabetic control rats. Moreover; troxerutin significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated the expression of PPARα and PPARγ; while the expression of FAS; SREBP-1c; TNF-α; and IL-6 genes were significantly (p < 0.05) downregulated simultaneously in the adipose tissue; skeletal muscles; and liver in a dose-dependent manner; compared to diabetic ct control rats.ConclusionTroxerutin has considerable antidiabetic and antihypercholesterolemic potential and thus could be safely used as an alternative therapeutic compound to the standard antidiabetic drug metformin.
Keywords:
metformin
type 2 diabetes
rats
lipid profile
mRNA expression
lipid metabolic genes
troxerutin
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