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Two paths to the body’s superhighway—the auricular branch (taVNS) and the cervical bundle (tcVNS): a narrative review

delete2026-07-20
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PS Peter S. Staats *
J
JB Justyna Blake
DOI:10.3389/fnins.2026.1848801delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
Interest in the vagus nerve has recently surged; particularly with the advent of non-invasive transcutaneous VNS (tVNS); which has broadened access and facilitated research across a range of conditions including depression; post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); migraine; chronic pain; and inflammatory disorders. tVNS primarily utilizes two pathways: the auricular branch (taVNS) and the cervical bundle (tcVNS). This paper provides a narrative review of tcVNS and taVNS stimulation. While both target the same cranial nerve; they differ significantly in their anatomical access points and methodological implementations.
Keywords:
auricular vagus nerve stimulation
vagus
cervical vagus nerve stimulation
vagus afferent nerves
vagus nerve (VN) stimulation
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Journal

Frontiers in Neuroscience cover
Frontiers in Neuroscience
IF:
3.2
Papers:
1.6W
Citations:
5.3W

Organization

V
vagus nerve society
Scholars:
13
Papers: 8
Citations: 0
E
electrocore
Scholars:
5
Papers: 5
Citations: 0
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