Unraveling social-ecological vulnerability in small-scale farming through causal loop modeling

2026-08-04

PRE

Bárbara Chávez

Marcelo D. Miranda *

Camilo Oyarzo

Paulina Rodriguez-Díaz

Santiago Kaulen

Julián Caviedes

José Tomás Ibarra

Carla Marchant

DOI：10.1016/j.agsy.2026.104920

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• Social and climatic drivers shape vulnerability in small-scale farming systems. • Production and income emerge as central nodes in farming system vulnerability. • Water scarcity acts as a key balancing constraint on system performance. • Integrating LVI with causal loop modeling captures feedback-driven vulnerability.

Keywords:

Causal loop diagram (CLD)

Social-ecological systems

Globally important agricultural heritage Systems (GIAHS)

Climate change

Smallholder farming

Chile

Unraveling social-ecological vulnerability in small-scale farming through causal loop modeling

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