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Variable-Rate Texture Compression: Real-Time Rendering with JPEG

delete2026-04-25
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E
Elias Kristmann
M
Michael Wimmer
M
Markus Schütz
DOI:10.1111/cgf.70338delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
Although variable-rate compressed image formats such as JPEG are widely used to efficiently encode images, they have not found their way into real-time rendering due to special requirements such as random access to individual texels. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of variable-rate texture compression on modern GPUs using the JPEG format, and how it compares to the GPU-friendly fixed-rate compression approaches BC1 and ASTC. Using a deferred rendering pipeline, we are able to identify the subset of blocks that are needed for a given frame, decode these, and colorize the framebuffer's pixels. Despite the additional ∼0.17 bit per pixel that we require for our approach, JPEG maintains significantly better quality and compression rates compared to BC1, and depending on the type of image, outperforms or competes with ASTC. The JPEG rendering pipeline increases rendering duration by less than 0.3 ms on an NVIDIA RTX 4090, demonstrating that sophisticated variable-rate compression schemes are feasible on modern GPUs, even in VR.
Keywords:
CCS Concepts
• Computing methodologies → Image compression
Rendering
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Journal

Computer Graphics Forum cover
Computer Graphics Forum
IF:
2.9
Papers:
496
Citations:
1.1W

Organization

T
TU Wien
Scholars:
344
Papers: 145
Citations: 1.1W