Wireless Sensor Node for Chemical Agent Detection

Zabdiel Brito‐Brito

doi:10.3390/chemosensors12090185

2024-09-11

Zabdiel Brito‐Brito

Jesús Salvador Velázquez-González

F. Mira

Antonio Román-Villarroel

Xavier Artiga

Satyendra K. Mishra

Francisco Vázquez-Gallego

Jung-Mu Kim

Eduardo Fontana

M. T. de Melo

Ignacio Llamas‐Garro *

DOI：10.3390/chemosensors12090185

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摘要

En 中文

In this manuscript, we present in detail the design and implementation of the hardware and software to produce a standalone wireless sensor node, called SensorQ system, for the detection of a toxic chemical agent. The proposed wireless sensor node prototype is composed of a micro-controller unit (MCU), a radio frequency (RF) transceiver, a dual-band antenna, a rechargeable battery, a voltage regulator, and four integrated sensing devices, all of them integrated in a package with final dimensions and weight of 200 x 80 x 60 mm and 0.422 kg, respectively. The proposed SensorQ prototype operates using the Long-Range (LoRa) wireless communication protocol at 2.4 GHz, with a sensor head implemented on a hetero-core fiber optic structure supporting the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomenon with a sensing section (L = 10 mm) coated with titanium/gold/titanium and a chemically sensitive material (zinc oxide) for the detection of Di-Methyl Methyl Phosphonate (DMMP) vapor in the air, a simulant of the toxic nerve agent Sarin. The transmitted spectra with respect to different concentrations of DMMP vapor in the air were recorded, and then the transmitted power for these concentrations was calculated at a wavelength of 750 nm. The experimental results indicate the feasibility of detecting DMMP vapor in air using the proposed optical sensor head, with DMMP concentrations in the air of 10, 150, and 150 ppm in this proof of concept. We expect that the sensor and wireless sensor node presented herein are promising candidates for integration into a wireless sensor network (WSN) for chemical warfare agent (CWA) detection and contaminated site monitoring without exposure of armed forces.

Keyword:

wireless circuit design

dual-polarized antenna

integrated electronics

surface plasmon resonance

frame-slotted ALOHA

Long-Range modulation

unmanned aerial vehicle

wireless sensor network

DMMP detection