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A Coherent Electrodynamics Theory of Liquid Water
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DOI：10.3390/liquids5040030.png)
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Abstract
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This study presents a quantum electrodynamics (QED) framework that explains the anomalous behavior of liquid water. The theory posits that water consists of two coexisting phases: a coherent phase, in which molecules form phase-locked coherence domains (CDs), and an incoherent phase that behaves like a dense van der Waals fluid. By solving polynomial-type equations, we derive key thermodynamic properties, including the minima in the isobaric heat capacity per particle (IHCP) and the isothermal compressibility, as well as the divergent behavior observed near 228 K. The theory also accounts for water's high static dielectric constant. These results emerge from first-principles QED, integrating quantum coherence with macroscopic thermodynamics. The framework offers a unified explanation for water's anomalies and has implications for biological systems, materials science, and fundamental physics. Future work will extend the theory to include phase transitions, solute interactions, and the freezing process.
Keywords:
liquid water thermodynamics
coherent domains (CDs)
quantum electrodynamics (QED)
two-phase model of water
energy gap in coherent water
isobaric heat capacity anomalies
isothermal compressibility of water
static dielectric constant of liquid water
spontaneous symmetry breaking in water
coherent-incoherent phase equilibrium
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