A comprehensive study on resistive random access memory based true random number generators

doi:10.1016/j.compeleceng.2025.110901

A comprehensive study on resistive random access memory based true random number generators

2025-12-10

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Furqan Zahoor

DOI：10.1016/j.compeleceng.2025.110901

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Hardware-based security primitives like True Random Number Generators (TRNG) have become a crucial part in protecting data over communication channels. Compact and reliable ON-chip TRNGs are inevitable for generating secure cryptographic keys in resource constrained mobile Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices. On the other hand, the inherently dense structure and low power characteristics of emerging nanoelectronic technologies such as resistive random access memory (RRAM) make them suitable elements in designing hardware security modules integrated in CMOS ICs. Further research focuses on mitigating the negative consequences of RRAM integrations primarily for in-memory computing applications, which include oscillations in switching resistances, sneak path current, and random telegraph noise (RTN). However, these characteristics make them a suitable choice for design of hardware security primitives such as TRNGs. This paper provides a brief background on the basics of TRNG, and then presents in detail the functionality, and methodologies proposed for implementing TRNGs based on RRAM and also provides a comparative analysis of the state-of-the-art RRAM based TRNG designs. Finally, general challenges for design of TRNGs based on RRAM and the discussion on future outlook is also discussed.

A comprehensive study on resistive random access memory based true random number generators

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