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A discrete macro-element modelling approach for the study of the historical Barcelos Bridge in Portugal
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DOI：10.1080/15732479.2026.2682235.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Assessing the conditions of masonry arch bridges is a complex challenge that requires proper tools for their survey and structural investigation. This is especially important for most ancient bridges due to their historical value and role in the current infrastructure network. Besides effective analysis methods, minimising computational effort is essential for professional use. The computational costs and analysis time of three-dimensional advanced modelling strategies are poorly compatible with engineering practice. Within this context, the Discrete Macro-Element Method (DMEM) is considered for a detailed study of a historical masonry arch bridge located in northern Portugal, the Barcelos Bridge. After validation in the linear field, pushdown and transversal pushover analyses were carried out, comparing the results with a previous study employing a Finite Element Method (FEM) approach. Moreover, the evaluation of cutwaters modelling in the pushover response and the DMEM mesh sensitivity was considered. The main findings showed a 40% overstrength in the transversal pushover compared to the longitudinal direction due to the cutwaters, which almost double the transversal capacity of the bridge, and a significant reduction in computational costs. Such results support the use of DMEM in professional practice, even with knowledge levels inadequate to resort to advanced FEM models.
Keywords:
Masonry arch bridges
nonlinear analysis
discrete macro-element method
structural assessment
heritage buildings
earthquake engineering
pushover analysis
non-destructive testing techniques
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