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A dynamically consistent model for dust-devil-like flows
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DOI：10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101030.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
A generalized analytical model for dust devils with a central low-pressure core is presented in this work. The model incorporates a modified stream function that enables the flow field to satisfy physically relevant boundary conditions and capture essential vortex features, including finiteness of width and off-axis velocity maxima. All three velocity components - radial, axial, and azimuthal - are derived for steady, incompressible, and axisymmetric inviscid flows. An adjustable shape parameter allows the model to flexibly represent varying vortex intensities and core sharpness. Analytical expressions for velocity and pressure distribution are obtained and analysed. The structure predicted from the model is consistent with field observations, including transition from inflow to outflow with height, decay of rotational motion aloft, and confinement of the vortex within a finite periphery. Comparisons with classical vortex models highlight the improved physical realism of the present formulation. Inside the low-pressure core, the radial and azimuthal velocities reverse the direction relative to the outer flow (though vanishing small in magnitude), ensuring they vanish at the core interface and the axis as well.
Keywords:
Atmospheric vortices
Dust devils
Generalized velocity field
Fluid dynamics
Mathematical modelling
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