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A FAST EMULSION POLYMERIZATION IN AN OPEN-TO-AIR ENVIRONMENT
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DOI：10.1039/D5PY01084E.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Radical and emulsion polymerization have long been utilized in polymer synthesis for their versatility and simplicity. However; academia and industry will prioritize open-to-air emulsion polymerization due to its potential cost and process efficiency. Glucose oxidase (GOx); an enzyme; can deplete oxygen while converting D-glucose to D-glucono-δ-lactone; generating hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). This H2O2; in turn; can produce hydroxyl radicals (•OH) via the Fenton reaction; thereby initiating polymerization. Thus; combining the Fenton chemistry and this unique nature of GOx; collectively known as the “semi bio-Fenton” polymerization; can produce polymers; even in an open-to-air environment. Here; the utility of this process for an emulsion-based system; along with the study of kinetics and the effect of surfactant; catalyst; and monomer concentration on the molecular weight and dispersity of the polymers; have been carried out primarily focusing on butyl methacrylate (BMA) monomer. The reaction rate increased significantly when the surfactant concentration was increased from 1 to 2.5 wt.%; and a full monomer conversion was achieved within 5 min of polymerization time for 5% v/v of monomer. Even when the monomer concentration was increased to 20% v/v; only about 10 min was required for complete conversion under optimized conditions. The suitability of this process for other monomers; such as methyl methacrylate (MMA) and vinyl acetate (VAc); as well as its application in copolymerization and in-situ emulsion polymerization cum coating; was also demonstrated. This approach provides an alternative pathway for emulsion polymerization application where deoxygenation or using conventional initiation is problematic or prohibited; such as coating and cosmetic products.
Keywords:
emulsion polymerization
glucose oxidase
Fenton reaction
radical polymerization
open-to-air polymerization