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A Frequency Diverse Array SAR Processing Framework Based on the Segmented Phase Code Waveform for HRWS Imaging
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DOI：10.1109/LGRS.2023.3308443.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Frequency diverse array synthetic aperture radar (FDA-SAR) has been recognized as a potential technique for high-resolution wide-swath (HRWS) imaging, and employs a slight frequency increment to the transmitting subapertures/channels to form a range-dependent beam pattern for swath widening. The key challenge of FDA-SAR is echo separation at the receiver. Former studies have employed quasi-orthogonal waveforms with low cross correlation energies as the transmitted signals, which cannot ensure reliable echo separation, especially for distributed scatterers. In this letter, an FDA-SAR processing framework is proposed based on the segmented phase code (SPC) waveform. An encoding scheme and a notch-expanding receiving beamformer based on convex optimization are used for precise echo separation. Then, using the degrees of freedom (DOFs) on transmitting, a beamformer is applied to resolve range ambiguities. The proposed scheme avoids the performance deterioration caused by the echo separation issue, even for distributed scatterers, while allowing other multiple-channel techniques to be integrated. Simulation experiments have validated the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Keywords:
Echo separation
frequency diverse array (FDA)
notch-expanding beamforming
segmented phase code (SPC) waveform
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