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A low-damage electric harvesting system for lodging-prone Cerasus humilis: design; optimization and field validation
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DOI：10.3389/fpls.2026.1904743.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Mechanized harvesting remains a major bottleneck for sustainable Cerasus humilis production because lodging-prone branches and fragile fruit make conventional small-fruit harvesters difficult to adapt. To address this crop-specific constraint; we developed a low-damage self-propelled electric harvesting system that integrates branch lifting; comb-type stripping; screw conveying; self-propelled travel and electrohydraulic height adjustment. The key working modules were analyzed; and a four-factor; three-level Box-Behnken field experiment was used to optimize travel speed and the rotational speeds of the branch-lifter; stripping and conveying motors. Travel speed had the strongest effect on harvesting rate; whereas stripping speed had the strongest effect on fruit damage. The optimized operating settings were a travel speed of 0.2 m/s; a branch-lifter speed of 104.6 r/min; a stripping motor speed of 22 r/min and a conveying motor speed of 137.4 r/min. Five validation tests under these settings achieved a mean harvesting rate of 82.12% and a mean damage rate of 2.79%; compared with predicted values of 81.26% and 2.80%; respectively. These results indicate that coordinated electric control of branch lifting; comb-type stripping and fruit conveying enables sustainable low-damage field harvesting of C. humilis under the tested cultivar and site conditions.
Keywords:
response surface methodology
Cerasus humilis
field validation
low-damage harvesting
branch lifting
comb stripping
electric harvester
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