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A novel beam training method for near-field wideband extremely large antenna arrays
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DOI：10.1016/j.phycom.2026.103029.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Extremely large antenna arrays (ELAA) is an important technology for future sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks and enables significantly high data transmission rates. However, existing beam training methods either require high overhead or perform poorly under limited training resources due to the joint estimation of angle and distance in the near-field. To address this problem, we design a novel three-stage beam training method for near-field wideband ELAA systems. Specifically, the base station (BS) first employs wide beams designed based on beam split analysis and sub-array partitioning for initial angle estimation to narrow the angle search space. Refined angle estimation of the user equipment (UE) is then achieved using symmetric narrow beams in the second stage. Finally, distance estimation is performed by leveraging the refined angle estimates to identify the optimal beam in the near-field. Simulation results show that our method achieves a near-optimal achievable rate with low training overhead. In addition, the proposed method exhibits smaller angle estimation errors compared with the existing beam training schemes.
Keywords:
ELAA
Wideband
Beam training
Far-field
Near-field
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