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A Novel Green Spectrofluorimetric Approach for Memantine Quantification With Mechanistic Elucidation Through Quantum Mechanical Modeling and Green Analytical Chemistry Evaluation
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DOI：10.1002/bio.70563.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
A novel, sustainable spectrofluorimetric method was developed for memantine determination using erythrosin B as a fluorescent probe, addressing critical analytical gaps in pharmaceutical quality control and environmental monitoring. The method exploits static fluorescence quenching through ground-state complex formation between protonated memantine and anionic erythrosin B. Initially, UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy revealed a significant hypochromic effect accompanied by a hypsochromic shift of 5 nm, with the absorption maximum shifting from 527 to 522 nm upon complex formation, while fluorescence studies demonstrated concentration-dependent quenching at 527 nm excitation and 553 nm emission wavelengths. Subsequently, temperature-dependent Stern–Volmer analysis yielded quenching constants decreasing from 6.22 × 105 to 4.47 × 105 mol L−1 (298–313 K), confirming the static quenching mechanism. Furthermore, Job's method established 2:1 memantine-to-erythrosin B stoichiometry, which was validated by quantum mechanical calculations revealing energetically favorable binding interactions. The developed method exhibited excellent analytical performance with a linear range of 0.02–2.0 μg/mL, a detection limit of 6.5 ng/mL, precision (%RSD < 2%), and accuracy (98.59%). Moreover, successful applications included pharmaceutical formulations and spiked environmental water samples, achieving quantitative recoveries ranging from 96% to 104% across different matrices. Finally, a comprehensive sustainability assessment demonstrated superior green credentials compared to conventional chromatographic approaches.
Keywords:
density functional theory
fluorescence quenching
pharmaceutical analysis
Stern–Volmer analysis
water contamination
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