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A Planar Frequency-Reconfigurable Antenna With Stable Gain
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DOI：10.1109/LAWP.2026.3655183.png)
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Abstract
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A design of frequency-reconfigurable antennas is presented. The proposed antenna is based on a planar folded dipole, and the frequency agility is realized by embedding a tunable load into the antenna structure. The tunable load is mainly composed of two varactors and three conducting pins. Due to the presence of the loading, the operation of the antenna is changed from 0.5 to 0.75 wavelength dipole mode, and the varactors are located exactly at the nulls of the current distributions. Simulated results show that the resonant frequency of the proposed antenna can be tuned from 3.3 GHz to 4.5 GHz as the capacitance of the varactor is reduced from 6.5 pF to 0.3 pF, and no RF choke or lumped component is required for the control voltage of the varactors. Moreover, the peak gain of the reconfigurable antenna operated at each frequency is more than 5 dBi, and the gain variation is less than 0.5 dB within the frequency tuning range. The influences of the varactor parameters are also addressed. The simulated results are validated with experiments.
Keywords:
Frequency-reconfigurable antenna
planar antenna
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