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A Quantum Secure Smart Grid Data Communication Model
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DOI：10.1109/tdsc.2026.3743390.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
With the rapid advancements in quantum computing, cybersecurity challenges are becoming increasingly critical. Smart Grids (SGs), as distributed and networked control systems that frequently exchange electricity usage data, are also jeopardized. Nevertheless, there is a notable lack of substantial efforts towards the development of practical quantum secure solutions for power grids. This paper endeavors to establish a quantum cryptography-based unconditionally secure data communication model (QS-DCM) for smart grid communication environments. The major contributions of the paper include quantum-mechanical transformations of power consumption data into maximally mixed quantum states by employing quantum-based encryption accompanied by a dedicated quantum key distribution (QKD) module, serving an unconditionally secure key and data exchange. Moreover, quantum-generated truly random encryption keys are employed that strengthen the encryption and key exchange processes and enhance the resilience of the system against cryptographic attacks. The efficacy of QS-DCM has been evaluated through experimental results obtained from classical computer-based simulations along with real quantum computers accessed through the IBM Qiskit platform. Statistical measurements and empirical results prove the accuracy and high fidelity of the proposed solutions, hence validating the reliability of QS-DCM. Moreover, a thorough security analysis performed confirms the perfect and unconditional security of QS-DCM through transformation of data into maximally mixed quantum states, thereby offering a significant resistance to potential eavesdropping attacks, while environmental errors are mitigated through QKD post-processing mechanisms.
Keywords:
Data communication
data security
power consumption data
quantum encryption
quantum key distribution
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