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A Relative Distance-based Scalarization Scheme using Reference Levels
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DOI：10.1016/j.ejor.2025.09.001.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
• We propose a new distance-based achievement function using reference levels. • The function allows relative assessments among entities, rather than absolute ones. • A hybrid scheme combines absolute and relative evaluations for flexible analysis. • An application based on GNI data shows countries' relative progress and risks. • The method supports better policy decisions via comparative performance analysis.
Keywords:
Decision analysis
data analysis
multiple reference point methodology
multicriteria techniques
relative evaluation
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