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A rotating magnetic field propelled photocatalytic Fe3O4/g-C3N4 microrobot for degrading phenol and methylene blue: kinetics, mechanisms, and effect of water matrices

delete2026-01-01
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OA
AI
L
Luhui Xu
J
Jianxin Zhang
J
Jiani Zhang
张亚苹 cover
张亚苹 (Yanping Zhang)
H
Hong Liu
N
Ning Ding *
DOI:10.1016/j.watcyc.2025.08.003delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has attracted widespread attention in the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants due to its unique thermal and physicochemical properties, whereas the low photocatalytic efficiency and difficulties in recycling limit its use. To improve the photodegradation of phenol and methylene blue in water, a new rotating magnetic field (RMF) propelled photocatalytic Fe3O4/g-C3N4 (FC) microrobot system has been created. The results demonstrated that the integration of RMF significantly enhanced the photocatalytic degradation of phenol and methylene blue by the Fe3O4/g-C3N4 microrobot. Under conditions of 1 g/L catalyst dosage and 2 A RMF excitation current, the Fe3O4/g-C3N4 microrobot with 20 % (w/w) Fe3O4 content (FC20) exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity, achieving 92.8 % degradation of phenol and >99.9 % degradation of methylene blue within 300 min. Furthermore, FC20 demonstrated excellent reusability, maintaining high degradation efficiency after four consecutive cycles. Factors such as magnetic induction, photocatalyst dosage, and pH were found to influence the degradation efficiency of phenol and methylene blue by Fe3O4/g-C3N4 microrobots. Additionally, the effects of inorganic ions and water matrices on the degradation of phenol and methylene blue were investigated. By studying the degradation mechanisms, it was revealed that the order of influence of reactive species during the photodegradation process was: h(+)>O-2(-)>OH. In conclusion, the combined FC-RMF system has great potential for improving the removal of phenol and methylene blue pollutants from water.
Keywords:
Fe3O4/g-C3N4 microrobots
Rotating magnetic field
Photocatalysis
Phenol
Methylene blue
Reactive species
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W
Water Cycle
IF:
8.7
Papers:
33
Citations:
630

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Beijing Technology & Business University
Scholars:
727
Papers: 241
Citations: 0
S
suzhou university of science & technology
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Papers: 4.8K
Citations: 4
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