A scalable transaction management framework for consistent document-oriented NoSQL databases

Alflahi, Adam A. E.

doi:10.1016/j.is.2026.102719

A scalable transaction management framework for consistent document-oriented NoSQL databases

2026-05-23

0

PRE

AI

A

Alflahi, Adam A. E.

M

Mohammed, Mohammed A. Y.

A

Abdallah Alsammani *

DOI：10.1016/j.is.2026.102719

Original

Original request for help

Save

Abstract

En 中文

NoSQL databases are widely used in modern applications due to their scalability and schema flexibility, yet they often rely on eventual consistency models that limit reliable transaction processing. This study proposes a four-stage transaction management framework for document-oriented NoSQL databases, with MongoDB as the reference platform. The framework combines transaction lifecycle management, operation classification, pre-execution conflict detection, and an adaptive locking strategy with timeout-based deadlock prevention. Formal correctness analysis shows that the proposed approach guarantees conflict serializability under defined conditions. Experimental evaluation using the Yahoo Cloud Serving Benchmark (YCSB) workloads A, B, and F with concurrency levels from 1 to 100 clients demonstrates a reduction in transaction abort rates from 8.3% to 4.7%, elimination of observed deadlocks, and a 34.2% decrease in latency variance. Throughput improvements ranging from 6.3% to 18.4% are observed under high concurrency, particularly for read-modify-write workloads. Distributed experiments on clusters of up to 9 nodes confirm scalability, achieving 15.2% higher throughput and 53% lower abort rates than baseline systems. Comparisons with MongoDB's native transactions, CockroachDB, and TiDB indicate that the proposed framework strikes a good balance between consistency guarantees and performance overhead. To evaluate generality across database paradigms, we additionally apply the framework to two record-oriented open-source relational database management systems, PostgreSQL and MySQL, and present cross-paradigm experiments that compare the effectiveness of concurrency control under identical workloads. Sensitivity analysis identifies optimal parameter settings, including a lock timeout of 100 ms, an initial backoff of 10 ms, and a maximum backoff of 500 ms. These results show that carefully designed consistency mechanisms can significantly improve data integrity in NoSQL systems without undermining scalability, and that the framework's pre-execution conflict detection provides measurable benefits even for record-oriented systems with mature native concurrency control.

Keywords:

NoSQL databases

Transaction management

Data consistency

Conflict serializability

Concurrency control

MongoDB

Distributed systems

PostgreSQL

MySQL

Record-oriented databases

A scalable transaction management framework for consistent document-oriented NoSQL databases

Abstract

Journal

Organization

Cited Papers