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A Sea-Surface Weak Target Detection Method Based on Optical Injection Locking and STMOT Algorithm
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DOI：10.1109/JLT.2025.3637208.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Weak targets on the sea surface are considered as significant detection problem because the weak echo signals are usually overwhelmed by strong sea clutter. Conventional adaptive coherent detection methods often exhibit high false alarm and miss detection rates. This paper addresses this issue by proposing a photonic-assisted weak target detection method, which combines an optical injection locking (OIL) receiver architecture with a Sea clutter Three level Mitigation for Ocean Targets (STMOT) algorithm. In this system, OIL enables the high-stability high-gain down-conversion of broadband linear frequency modulated signals to the intermediate frequency, which allows to significantly enhance the coherence of weak target signals. The STMOT algorithm employs a multi-stage progressive detection strategy, which effectively removes non-Gaussian sea clutter through long-time coherent integration and allows to perform stable tracking of weak targets. Experiments are then conducted. The obtained results demonstrate that, in multi-target scenarios, a receiver coherence gain of 3 dB is provided by the OIL operating in the period one state, allowing to stably and continuously detect the underlying trajectory for a period of 300 s. In addition, the proposed OIL-STMOT method increases the average number of consecutive frames in a track by more than 40%. For echo signals having a signal-to-noise ratio of –18 dB under lognormal sea clutter, it achieves a detection probability of 80% at a false alarm probability of 10−4. Moreover, the system enables continuous trajectory monitoring under strong clutter interference. Furthermore, it can monitor slow small targets on the sea surface, which highlights its high efficiency in coastal surveillance radar applications.
Keywords:
Microwave photonics
optical injection locking
sea clutter removal
sea clutter three level mitigation for ocean targets
track continuity
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