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A synergistic Janus nanofiber dressing enables spatiotemporal sequential treatment of acute wounds
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DOI：10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214784.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Acute wound healing is often impeded by uncontrolled infection and persistent inflammation. This highlights the need for multifunctional dressings capable of spatiotemporally coordinated intervention. Here, we report a synergy-driven 'defense-regulation' Janus dressing (DRJD) integrating traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and western therapeutics. The hydrophobic outer layer (DRJD-O) is composed of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofibers loaded with fusidic acid (FA), forming a physical barrier that rapidly intercepts invading bacteria and provides sustained antibacterial protection. In contrast, the hydrophilic inner layer (DRJD-I) is based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and incorporates Atractylodes macrocephala extract (AME), which rapidly dissolves as a sacrificial layer upon exposure to wound exudate, triggering an early burst release of anti-inflammatory components to modulate the microenvironment in the early inflammatory phase. Janus architecture encodes a spatiotemporally ordered release profile, whereby early microenvironment regulation by AME is followed by prolonged FA-mediated antibacterial defense to prevent reinfection. In vitro assays demonstrated potent synergistic antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, alongside a significant suppression of M1 macrophage polarization, indicating immunomodulatory efficacy. In the full-thickness rat wound model, DRJD significantly accelerated wound healing. It also promoted strong re-epithelialization, enhanced collagen maturity, and stimulated angiogenesis. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses further revealed that the expression of TNF-alpha was reduced and the density of CD31-positive microvessels was increased. These changes indicate that the wound milieu shifted from an inflammatory to a regenerative state. This study establishes a spatiotemporally coordinated external defense-internal regulation model, providing a promising translational platform for the treatment of acute and potentially chronic wounds.
Keywords:
Janus nanofibers
Fusidic acid
Atractylodes macrocephala extract
Synergistic therapy
Wound healing
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