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A universal Fano type scattering model and its experimental tests
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AI
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S
P
张
X
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DOI：10.1038/s42005-026-02806-1.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Fano type scattering, whose spectral line shapes deviate markedly from the symmetric Lorentzian profile, has been widely observed in various resonant systems. For distributed resonators, however, the physical origin of such asymmetric spectra and their influence on parameter extraction still require further clarification. Here, using distributed resonators as a representative platform, we propose a physical model to describe the Fano-type scattering response. By incorporating a background transmission path together with the resonant channel, the model provides a unified spectral formula that captures the asymmetric line shapes observed in experiments. Using fabricated and measured superconducting half-wavelength coplanar waveguide resonators, we show that the model fits measured spectra well and enables effective parameter extraction. The model is further shown to be applicable to notch-type resonators, highlighting its generality beyond transmission-type devices. Overall, this work demonstrates that asymmetric Fano line shapes in distributed resonators can be consistently understood through interference between the resonant channel and the quasi-through background channel. Asymmetric Fano line shapes are common in distributed resonators, but a unified model for precise parameter extraction is lacking. Here, the authors present a universal scattering model based on background channel interference, accurately fitting asymmetric spectra and enabling reliable quality-factor extraction across different resonator types.
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