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Accumulator-Based 16-Bit Processor for Wireless Sensor Nodes
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DOI：10.1109/TCSII.2024.3366776.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Wireless sensor network (WSN) has emerged asa significant application among Internet-of-Things (IoT) appli-cations. Energy harvesting systems have a high potential fordeployment in WSN to monitor natural environments andindustrial equipment. With limited resources, including powerand chip area, an energy harvesting system demands thoroughresource allocation to several circuits like a control system,sensors, and a transceiver. Also, such systems are required tofunction with low-peak power to adapt to the fluctuation ofharvested energy. This brief presents a System-on-Chip (SoC)featuring a tiny 16-bit processor for batteryless systems. Theprocessor is implemented using an accumulator-based instructionset architecture, realizing a small-scale design. The SoC integratesthe 16-bit processor, two static random-access-memory blocks(1KB and 512B) for instruction, and data memory and periph-erals for communication. It is fabricated on general-purposeCMOS 180nm and Silicon On-Thin-Buried Oxide (SOTB) 65nmprocess. Implemented results show the total area cost of the SoCis 241,036 mu m(2) and 52,558 mu m(2)on CMOS 180nm and SOTB.The SoC design achieves low-peak power consumption at 0.6 mu Wand on the CMOS 180nm chip. Power consumption can declinefurther with a key technique in varying the back body biasby SOTB technology to 21.56nW. The minimum energy pointis observed to be 10.38 mu W/MHz and 0.64 mu W/MHz in CMOS180nm and SOTB 65nm chips, respectively. The small-scalefeatures in size and power dissipation make the proposed SoCsuitable for energy harvesting applications
Keywords:
Internet of Things
System-on-chip
Power demand
Energy harvesting
Pipelines
Temperature sensors
Registers
Wireless sensor network
Internet-of-Things
low-power
system-on-chip
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