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Achieving large room-temperature elastocaloric effect and ultrahigh cyclic stability by grain size engineering
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DOI：10.1016/j.actamat.2026.122332.png)
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Abstract
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The trade-off between a large room-temperature adiabatic temperature drop (ΔTad) and high cyclic stability has long been an obstacle for developing high-performance elastocaloric materials and devices. To overcome this challenge, we tailored the grain size (GS) of a NiTiCuCo shape memory alloy through high-pressure torsion followed by annealing. It is found that the NiTiCuCo with an average GS of 70 nm shows a large room-temperature ΔTad of 21.2±0.3 K which does not degrade over 107 phase-transformation cycles. This unique combination of properties makes this alloy highly competitive among existing elastocaloric cooling materials. The large ΔTad is due to improved phase-transformation reversibility with reduced dislocation-pinned and thermomechanical-coupling-induced residual martensite during unloading. The high cyclic stability stems from inhibited dislocation motion which is due to enhanced lattice compatibility and a significantly lower work stress (σw) compared to the material’s yield stress (σy). Our work provides not only a high-performance elastocaloric material but also an effective strategy to break the performance bottleneck of shape memory alloys by GS engineering.
Keywords:
elastocaloric effect
grain size engineering
cyclic stability
shape memory alloy
temperature drop
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9.3
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2.0W
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12.9W
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