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Activation of Biomass-Derived Carbon Platelets for EDLC Symmetrical Devices
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DOI：10.3390/nano16150957.png)
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Abstract
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The sustainable bio-activated carbon platelets were synthesized from tamarind (tamarind indicia) fruit seed shells (TFSs) by a pyrolysis approach with an inert gas atmosphere. The carbonization process was carried out at 800 °C under an inert argon atmosphere, yielding both pure TFS-AC and chemically activated TFS-AC (KOH) carbon materials. Microscopic surface morphological analysis confirmed the formation of thin, interconnected porous carbon platelet nanosheets with enhanced surface structural uniformity. Raman spectroscopy revealed characteristic D- and G-bands, signifying the presence of graphitic domains and partial structural disorder. BET surface area analysis indicated a significant improvement from 48.54 m2/g in TFS-AC to 124.72 m2/g in TFS-AC (KOH), suggesting enhanced pore development and surface accessibility due to KOH activation. Electrochemical two-electrode performance was evaluated in symmetric device configurations using 3M KOH aqueous electrolyte. The TFS-AC (KOH) device exhibited a remarkable specific capacitance, which delivered 129.03 F/g at 0.5A/g, compared to the pure TFS-AC device. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) further confirmed low internal resistance and favorable ion transport. These findings confirm that KOH-activated TFS-derived carbon nanosheets have higher electrochemical stability, retaining 98.2% capacitance over 10,000 cycles. These results are promising electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitor applications, owing to their superior electrochemical symmetric device performance of bio-mass carbon Tamarind seed shell platelet nanosheets for future energy storage symmetric device applications.
Keywords:
biomass source
tamarind fruit
seed shell
activated carbon
supercapacitor
symmetric device
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