Adaptive strategies of the harmful alga Heterosigma akashiwo to low salinity: rapid stress responses and long-term metabolic remodeling

Qiuping Li

doi:10.1016/j.hal.2026.103114

Adaptive strategies of the harmful alga Heterosigma akashiwo to low salinity: rapid stress responses and long-term metabolic remodeling

2026-04-06

0

PRE

AI

Q

Qiuping Li

B

Bin Han

Y

Yinghao Wang

X

Xinxia Qi

N

Nanjing Ji *

X

Xiaotong Cheng

H

Honglin Chen

L

Lingjie Zhou

X

Xin Shen *

DOI：10.1016/j.hal.2026.103114

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Abstract

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• H. akashiwo exhibits wide salinity tolerance; • Acute and long-term low-salinity responses are distinct in H. akashiwo; • Rapid ion and Ca²⁺ signaling mediates acute hypoosmotic shock response; • Long-term acclimation features metabolic reprogramming and enhanced antioxidant defense.

Keywords:

Heterosigma akashiwo

low salinity

ion signaling

metabolic reprogramming

antioxidant defense

Adaptive strategies of the harmful alga Heterosigma akashiwo to low salinity: rapid stress responses and long-term metabolic remodeling

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