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Addressing sustainability in photopolymerization: comparative LCA study of six synthetic routes of 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone as photoinitiator for copolymer applications
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DOI：10.1039/D6GC01823H.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Photoinitiators have long been investigated as alternatives to thermal initiators with the aim of reducing polymerisation temperatures and; consequently; heat consumption. The synthesis of poly(vinyl acetate-co-crotonic acid) represents a suitable case for exploring photoinitiation strategies. In this context; the performance of various commercial photoinitiators has been experimentally tested; and hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (HCPK) demonstrated its effectiveness with respect to other alternatives. Then; life cycle assessment (LCA) was applied to compare six alternative synthetic routes to produce HCPK; considering three different data sources: laboratory scale; advanced process calculation; and software-assisted modelling; with the latter two representative of the industrial scale. Among the six synthetic routes analysed; the pathway involving an initial α-chlorination of cyclohexyl phenyl ketone followed by a nucleophilic substitution emerges as the environmentally preferable option. As expected; a general decreasing trend in environmental impacts is observed when moving from laboratory-scale modelling to software-assisted industrial-scale modelling; likely due to process optimization at larger scales. Overall; the study demonstrates that the synthesis of poly(vinyl acetate-co-crotonic acid) is feasible through photopolymerization and that HCPK behaves better than thermal initiators like benzoyl peroxide under the same conditions. While laboratory-scale LCA constitutes a valuable preliminary screening tool; more accurate early-stage LCA modellling is likely achieved through industrial-scale simulation.
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