After hours: surgical end-time and postoperative complications in head and neck microvascular reconstruction

2026-07-08

PRE

Chelsea Gelboin‐Burkhart

Amaan Rahman

Shaum S. Sridharan

Kevin J. Contrera

Steven B. Chinn

Joshua D. Smith

Matthew E. Spector *

DOI：10.1016/j.oraloncology.2026.108069

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• Surgery finishing after 6p.m. doubles the risk of postoperative complications. • Late surgical end time predicts flap failure, infection, fistula, and readmission. • Effect persists after controlling for tumor stage, comorbidity, and flap complexity. • Bony flap reconstruction independently predicts return to OR and wound infection. • Operative efficiency strategies may reduce complications in this high-risk group.

After hours: surgical end-time and postoperative complications in head and neck microvascular reconstruction

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