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Aggressive and self-harming behaviour among psychiatric inpatients in a specialised prison hospital: a retrospective cohort study
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DOI：10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1902603.png)
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Abstract
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BackgroundAggressive behaviour and self-harming behaviour are common psychiatric emergencies in correctional settings; yet little is known about the factors distinguishing these behavioural presentations in psychiatric inpatients. This study compared the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of psychiatric inpatients presenting with aggressive or self-harming behaviour in a specialised prison hospital.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study; routinely collected data from 643 psychiatric inpatients admitted to the Berlin Prison Hospital (2010–2016) were analysed. Patients presenting with aggressive behaviour (n = 73) or self-harming behaviour (n = 60) were each compared with the remaining psychiatric inpatients using multivariable logistic regression.ResultsSchizophrenia spectrum disorders were independently associated with lower odds of self-harming behaviour after multivariable adjustment. Parenthood was independently associated with lower odds of aggressive behaviour and higher odds of self-harming behaviour. In contrast; stress-related disorders and personality disorders were not independently associated with either behavioural presentation after adjustment.ConclusionsAggressive and self-harming behavioural emergencies were associated with different clinical and sociodemographic characteristics among psychiatric inpatients in a specialised prison hospital. Parenthood emerged as the most consistent independent correlate of aggressive and self-harming behaviour presentation; whereas schizophrenia spectrum disorders were independently associated with lower odds of self-harming behaviour. These findings may contribute to behaviour-specific risk assessment and prevention strategies in correctional psychiatry.
Keywords:
schizophrenia
self-harm
correctional psychiatry
aggressive behaviour
prison psychiatry
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