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Aircraft Ionizing Radiation Exposure for Solar Cycle 24/25 From ARMAS and NAIRAS
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DOI：10.1029/2025SW004709.png)
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Abstract
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Exposure to ionizing radiation from galactic cosmic rays and solar energetic particles at aviation flight altitudes can have an adverse effect on human health. Although airline crews are classified as radiation workers by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), in most countries, their level of exposure is unquantified and undocumented throughout the duration of their career. As such, there is a need to assess aviation crew ionizing radiation exposure. The Nowcast of Aerospace Ionizing RAdiation System (NAIRAS) is a real-time, global, physics-based model currently used to assess such exposure. To evaluate recent model updates, radiation measurements from the Automated Radiation Measurements for Aerospace Safety (ARMAS) flight inventory are utilized. The inventory contains 1,324 flights at typical commercial aviation cruising altitudes during the most recent solar cycle, and covers latitudes 85°N to 85°S. Overall, while NAIRAS dose rates are uniformly biased high relative to the ARMAS dosimeter measurements, there is no bias relative to solar activity. Inspection of the model differences suggests that the TS05 magnetospheric magnetic field model may produce cutoff rigidities that are too low during quiet geomagnetic periods, particularly at mid-to-low latitudes, resulting in higher dose rates in NAIRAS. The difference in the altitude unit is also a source of error; the ARMAS flight database reports aircraft altitudes in GPS coordinates, while barometric pressure altitudes are required for NAIRAS. Future aircraft flights are being designed to constrain the uncertainties in the dosimetric measurements and model calculations.
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