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An improved formula for evaluating electrical capacitance using the dissipation factor
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DOI：10.1007/s11104-017-3336-4.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
The measurement of electrical capacitance in root-soil system (C-R) is a useful method for estimating the root system size (RSS) in situ; however, C-R-RSS regressions are often poor. It was hypothesized that this weak relationships could be partly due to the variable energy-loss rate, indicated by the dissipation factor (DF). The values of C-R and the associated DF were measured in six plant species grown in quasi-hydroponic pumice medium, arenosol and chernozem soil. The dielectric properties of the plant growth media were also recorded. A modified root-soil capacitance, C-DF, was calculated from each C-R/DF pair according to the formula C-DF = C-R center dot(DF/DFmean)(alpha) by estimating alpha with a standard nonlinear minimization of the sum of squared residuals for C-DF-RSS regressions. The capacitive behavior of the medium improved (mean DF decreased) but fluctuated increasingly as the substrate became more complex. The mean DF values in plant-substrate systems were chiefly determined by the plant and were the most variable in chernozem soil. This strengthening substrate effect on C-R measurements appeared as a decreasing trend in the R-2 values obtained for the C-R-RSS regressions. The regression slope was influenced by plant species and medium, while the y-intercept differed only between substrate types. The proposed use of C-DF in place of C-R could significantly improve the R-2 of C-DF-RSS regressions, particularly in chernozem soil (R-2 increased by 0.07-0.31). The application of C-DF will provide more reliable and accurate RSS estimations and more efficient statistical comparisons. The findings are worth considering in future investigations using the root capacitance method.
Keywords:
Complex permittivity
Dissipation factor
Plant-soil system
Root electrical capacitance
Root system size
Soil dielectric
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