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Analysis of stress evolution in lithium metal anodes during plating and stripping cycles
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DOI：10.1016/j.ensm.2026.105428.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Liquid cell batteries with lithium metal anodes may exhibit degraded Coulombic efficiency due to plating of porous, filamentary deposits. Experiments suggest that filament growth is controlled by lithium diffusion-induced compressive stress. In situ wafer curvature measurements can reveal the dynamic stress response of lithium deposits during cycling, but the interpretation of these experiments is complicated by the unknown and changing deposit morphology. Here, a new modeling approach is introduced that avoids this difficulty by focusing on the curvature response in open-circuit intervals during cycling. We demonstrate fitting of experimental curvature transients to characterize evolution of deposit morphology, metal-phase diffusion and mechanical deformation in cycling experiments. The model is based on metal-phase diffusion accommodated by elastic deformation and power-law creep, and is validated by comparison of the fit creep parameters with independent nanoindentation experiments. The results provide evidence for the presence of diffusion-induced compressive stress in plating periods. Lithium stripping is shown to generate tensile stress in lithium in a micron-thick surface-adjacent layer, consistent with experimental observations of submicron near-surface voids.
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